It is up to you to derive them, and they are subject to change without notice. As Robin Hogarth put it, much of the world is “Martian tennis.” You can see the players on a court with balls and rackets, but nobody has shared the rules. The world is not golf, and most of it isn’t even tennis. In the most devilishly wicked learning environments, experience will reinforce the exact wrong lessons. In wicked domains, the rules of the game are often unclear or incomplete, there may or may not be repetitive patterns and they may not be obvious, and feedback is often delayed, inaccurate, or both. The learning environment is kind because a learner improves simply by engaging in the activity and trying to do better. That is the very definition of deliberate practice, the type identified with both the ten-thousand-hours rule and the rush to early specialization in technical training. The player observes what happened, attempts to correct the error, tries again, and repeats for years. Drive a golf ball, and it either goes too far or not far enough it slices, hooks, or flies straight. In golf or chess, a ball or piece is moved according to rules and within defined boundaries, a consequence is quickly apparent, and similar challenges occur repeatedly. Patterns repeat over and over, and feedback is extremely accurate and usually very rapid. (I guess that just such highlights-of-the-highlights are the reason you’re here). Note: These highlights aren’t my own – they’re highlights from Sawyer Hollenshead’s highlights page for David Epstein’s Range.
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